Friday, September 23, 2016

Victorian Carriages Part 1- Brougham, Wagonette, and Sociable



Nothing establishes a Victorian setting like a carriage going down a cobblestone street. For something so iconic, a little more information can really immerse your games into the world of gaslight. Until the 1900s, the word carriage effectively meant a vehicle for transporting people, encompassing a plethora of vehicles. In the 1850s, carriages became more economical and more focused on carrying passengers comfortably. More and more middle class families bought carriages causing an even greater variety in use, design, and levels of luxury.
This series of posts focuses on different sorts of carriages, and will give Game Masters enough information to make any ride, chase, escape or traffic accident unique.


Brougham/Clarence 

 

The body of a Brougham (pronounced "broom"), contains a seating compartment for two passengers. The body is boxy, but the sides curve and meet in the back. A step hangs below the doors on the either side to help passengers step in. Glass windows on the doors and the front of the body allow passengers to see out. The driver and a footman or extra passenger sit on a box seat in the front of the carriage. A single horse can pull the Brougham’s light four wheeled frame (only 800-100 lbs.).
The earliest Broughams had a sword case in the back panel for weapons, a feature which may still be available. In the 1840s-50s the brougham was one of the most commonly used carriages by the middle and upper classes.
The Brougham has several variant models and other types of carriages based on its design. A convertible version, called the Brougham-Landaulet, had a soft folding top and back. In the early 1840s carriage makers Laurie and Marner built the Clarence. The Clarence differed from the Brougham by being pulled by two horses, seating four passengers inside and lowering the driver’s seat. Cabbies snatched up secondhand Clarences to use hackney carriages (the forefathers of the modern taxi).


Wagonette
 

Some histories say, in 1845 Prince Albert introduced the design of a German carriage to Great Britain. British carriage makers adapted the designs to make the Wagonette. Although the story may not be true, the Wagonette saw much use from Queen Victorian and her children.
Designed for family transport, Wagonettes have long benches facing the middle along the sides of the carriage. Benches could fit 4-6 comfortably, and children could be squeezed in. The benches have space for luggage beneath, and some Wagonettes had removable benches to make room for more cargo. As Wagonettes are open topped, some came with removable covers to shield passengers from the elements.
The driver sits on another slightly elevated bench across the front. Some Wagonettes have a short door in the back to make it easier for passengers to board. Simple, utilitarian, and pulled by one horse or two, people of all classes in all different parts of the British Isles used Wagonettes, 



Sociable
 

Sociables are open topped carriages with curved boat-like front and back ends. Inside, a row of two seats in the front and a row of two seats in the back face each other. With two rows of passengers facing each other and exposed to the world around them, it’s not hard to understand how this carriage got its name. Folding hoods at the front and back could be pulled up over the seats to protect from the elements, and to gain a little privacy.
There are a few optional elements in Sociable design. One horse or a team of two horses could be used to pull it. Not every Sociable had a driver’s box in the front, meaning a passenger in the back did all the driving (hopefully one facing forward). Some Sociables have side doors, a helpful addition. Despite the relative low-slung body, stepping over and into a carriage could be quite a task to a well dressed lady. 

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